Bugatti Type 53 1932
The Bugatti Type 53 was a four-wheel drive racing car built by Bugatti in 1932.
The Type 53 was one of the first racing cars to attempt to drive all four wheels, though Ettore Bugatti himself had designed multi-engine all wheel drive vehicles early in his career.
| Category | Grand Prix motor racing Hillclimbing |
|---|---|
| Constructor | Bugatti |
| Designer(s) | Antoine Pichetto |
| Competition history | |
| Notable entrants | Bugatti |
| Notable drivers | René Dreyfus Robert Benoist Louis Chiron Achille Varzi Jean Bugatti |
| Debut | 1932 Monaco Grand Prix |
The Type 53 used the (4,972 cubic centimetres (303.4 cu in)) engine from the Type 50 road car was fitted to the chassis of the Type 51 racer to create the 1931. It was originally conceived by Giulio Cappa, who created a front wheel drive Grand Prix car in 1926. Cappa's associate, Antonio Pichetto, handled the development of the car while working at Bugatti, starting in 1930. The engine output was approximately 300 horsepower (220 kW). As a result of the elaborate front drivetrain, the Type 53 used the only independent front suspension system ever approved for use by Ettore Bugatti.
The Type 53 was notoriously difficult to steer. At the Type 53's debut in the 1932 Monaco Grand Prix, Albert Divo, noted for his size and strength, was chosen to drive the car, but he gave up during practice after exhausting himself. In June 1932, Jean Bugatti rolled a Type 53 at the Shelsley Walsh Speed Hill Climb. The hard steering was attributed to not having constant-velocity joints for the front half shafts and to unequal-length halfshafts without matching torsional characteristics. Modern tests, however, have shown the car to be quite tractable at speed.
René Dreyfus won the 1934 La Turbie hillclimb with a record average speed of 100 km/h (62 mph) in a Type 53. Robert Benoist then won the 1935 Chateau-Thierry hillclimb in a Type 53, after which the type was retired. Two or three were built.
Specifications
4-wheel drive Racer
Identifying Features:
Only FWD Bugatti, cowled radiator
Year Made
(approx): 1932
Number Made:
3
Engine:
No of cylinders: 8
Bore x stroke: 86 x 107mm
Capacity: 4972cc
BHP (approx): 300
RPM Limit (prudent): 4500
Camshafts: dohc
Valves (per cylinder): 2
Camshaft drive: Front, spur train
Crankshaft bearings: 9 plain; plain rods
Supercharger: Bevel driven Roots
Carburettor: 2 Zenith
Ignition: Magneto
Plugs per cylinder: 1
Firing Order: 1, 6, 2, 5, 8, 3, 7, 4
Clutch:
Type: Wet, multi-plate
Gearbox:
Location: Central, with transfer, 4-speed and reverse
Gear change lever: Right hand side
Rear Axle:
Normal Ratio. 14/42 = 3.0
Dimensions:
Wheelbase: 102.2in (2.6m)
Track: 49.2in (1.25m)
Brakes:
Location and Type: 4-wheel cable operated
Wheels:
Type: Cast alloy, vane type
Tyre size: Original 28 x 5
Crossbreeding with Other Types:
T50, T54 engine