Fiat Uno
Overview
Manufacturer	Fiat
Also called	Fiat Mille Inoccenti Mille Clip
Production	1983 – 1995 (Italy) 1984 – 2014 (South America) 1992 – 2000 (Philippines) 1995 – 2003 (Morocco)
Assembly	Turin, Italy Pretoria, South Africa Betim, Brazil Bursa, Turkey Manta, Ecuador Casablanca, Morocco (SOMACA) Buenos Aires, Argentina Las Piñas, Philippines Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Body and chassis
Class	Supermini, Subcompact car (B)
Layout	FF layout
Chronology
Predecessor	Fiat 127
Successor	Fiat Punto

The Fiat Uno is a supermini car which was produced by the Italian manufacturer Fiat.

The Uno was launched in 1983 and built in its homeland until 1995, with production still taking place in other countries for nearly 20 more years, with the final Uno built in Brazil in 2013

With approximately 8,800,000 built, it is the eighth most produced automobile platform in history, after the Volkswagen Beetle, Ford Model T, Lada Riva, 1965–1970 GM B platform, 1981–1997 GM J platform, 1961–1964 GM B platform, and 1977–1990 GM B platform.

The Uno name was reintroduced in 2010 in South America for the Fiat Mini (Economy) platform based car built in Brazil.

First series (1983–1989)

Fiat Uno (Type 146)
A first generation five-door Uno
Overview
Manufacturer	Fiat
Also called	Fiat Mille Econommy Fiat Mille Way Innocenti Mille Clip
Production	1983 – 1995 (Italy) 1983 – 2013 (South America) 1995 – 2002 (Poland) 1995 – 2003 (Morocco)
Assembly	Turin, Italy Pretoria, South Africa Betim, Brazil Bursa, Turkey Manta, Ecuador Casablanca, Morocco (SOMACA) Kragujevac, Serbia
Designer	Giorgetto Giugiaro
Body and chassis
Body style	3-door hatchback 5-door hatchback 3-door panel van
Layout	FF layout
Platform	Type One platform (Tipo Uno)
Related	Fiat Duna Fiat Elba Fiat Fiorino (2nd series)
Powertrain
Engine	I4 100-series I4 128 SOHC
Transmission	4- or 5-speed manual Selecta CVT
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,362 mm (93.0 in)
Length	3,645–3,689 mm (143.5–145.2 in)
Width	1,549–1,562 mm (61.0–61.5 in)
Height	1,405–1,422 mm (55.3–56.0 in)
Curb weight	711–910 kg (1,567–2,006 lb)
Chronology
Predecessor	Fiat 127
Successor	Fiat Punto (Europe) Fiat Palio, Fiat Mobi, Fiat "Novo" Uno (South America/Asia)

The Fiat Uno (Type 146) was launched in January 1983 to replace the ageing Fiat 127, which itself had revolutionized the supermini market on its launch more than 10 years earlier. Designed by Giorgetto Giugiaro's ItalDesign company, its tall, square body utilising a Kamm tail achieved a low drag coefficient of 0.34 won it much praise for interior space and fuel economy as well as its excellent ride and handling, and was widely regarded as the most innovative small car in Europe at the time of its launch.

It incorporated many packaging lessons learnt from Giugiaro's 1978 Lancia Megagamma concept car (the first modern people carrier / MPV / mini-van) but miniaturised. Its tall car / high seating packaging is imitated by every small car today. It reversed the trend for lower and lower built cars. It showed that not just low sleek cars could be aerodynamic, but small, roomy, boxy well packaged cars could be too.

It was launched a month before the Peugeot 205 - another small European car which became the benchmark for this market sector, enjoying a long production life and strong sales. It also went on sale just after General Motors launched its new Opel Corsa supermini (which was sold as the Vauxhall Nova on the British market), and within a few months of its launch it had gained two new major competitors in the shape of the restyled Ford Fiesta and Nissan's new Micra.

[United Kingdom sales began in June 1983, with more than 20,000 being sold in its first full year and peaking at more than 40,000 sales in 1988, making it one of the UK's most popular imported cars during the 1980s.

In December 1983, it was European Car of the Year for 1984, finishing narrowly ahead of the Peugeot 205.

Initially, the Uno was offered with the 0.9 litre (903 cc) 100-series OHV, 1.1 litre (1116 cc) and 1.3 litre (1301 cc) 128-series SOHC petrol engines and transmissions carried over from the 127. The Uno's badging was not by the commonly used measurement of engine size but by metric horsepower: 45, 55, 60, 70, or 75. The Uno was available as either a three- or five-door hatchback. It also featured ergonomic "pod" switchgear clusters each side of the main instrument binnacle, (that could be operated without removing the driver's hands from the steering wheel), although indicators remained on a stalk; an unusual arrangement similar to that used by Citroën.

The Uno had MacPherson strut independent front suspension and twist-beam rear suspension with telescopic dampers and coil springs.

From 1985, the 1.0 litre (999 cc) SOHC Fully Integrated Robotised Engine (FIRE) powerplant was offered, replacing the 0.9 litre unit. This was a lighter engine, built with fewer parts, and gave improved performance and economy. The most luxurious version, the single-point injected 75 SX i.e., had remote door locks, integrated front foglamps, and the oval exhaust tip also used on the Turbo.

Turbo i.e.

In April 1985 the hot hatch version of the first series Uno – the Uno Turbo i.e. – was launched as a three-door only derivative. It competed with the likes of the Ford Fiesta XR2, MG Metro Turbo and Peugeot 205 GTI.

Despite marketing claims that the Uno Turbo i.e. was fitted with an engine "specifically developed for turbocharging" the Turbo i.e. model actually used a Ritmo/Strada-derived 1.3 128-series engine with Bosch multi-point fuel injection, Magneti Marelli electronic ignition and a water-cooled IHI turbocharger with an intercooler to reduce intake air temperatures. The resultant power plant was highly regarded and considered as more technologically advanced than many of its contemporaries. Engine capacity was initially stated as 1299 cc but this was revised early on in production to 1301 cc. This change was a result of Italy's highway system allowing a higher speed limit to cars of more than 1300 cc. In both forms the engine offered 106 PS (78 kW; 105 hp) but owners report that the 1301 cc version was notably more responsive and had greater torque than the earlier 1299 cc unit. Cars built from 1985 to late 1987 were fitted with a Ritmo/Strada-derived five-speed gearbox. This was then replaced by a newly developed 'C510' five-speed gearbox, often referred to by owners as the 'Tipo style' gearbox, featuring a more durable differential and improved gearchange linkage. Ratios were unchanged between the two units.

The Turbo i.e. offered significant performance improvement over standard Uno models and was capable of reaching 200 km/h (124 mph), thanks in part to the car's low 845 kg (1,863 lb) weight. Reliability was improved due to the reduction in maximum turbo boost pressure for mass-production from 1.0 to 0.6 bar^{[citation needed]} but conversely, it allowed tuners to modify the engine relatively easily to run 1.0 bar boost pressure for even greater performance without significantly compromising reliability.

Externally, the Turbo i.e. model sported black plastic sill trims and arch extensions (similar to that of the 70SX model), plus a revised front bumper with foglamps and inlets/scoops to direct air to the oil cooler and intercooler. Decals were added along the side of the car, initially as "T U R B O" in large outline letters but then later in stripe form with "Turbo i.e." cut into the rear-quarter section and complimentary stripes across the tailgate. This also deviated from the pressed steel tailgate fitted on non-turbo models as it was manufactured from fibreglass and incorporated a high-level spoiler to improve looks and aerodynamic performance. All body glass benefited from a very light green tint.

Suspension was lowered and uprated, 13" alloy wheels with Pirelli P6 tyres were fitted and the brakes upgraded to vented discs on the front and solid discs on the rear to replace the drum units of the non-turbo models.

Interior equipment was upgraded in the Turbo i.e. model with 'sports' seats, plush red carpet and an extended centre-console. Later models had red seatbelts in place of earlier black versions.

Options on the Turbo i.e. model included polished Cromodora wheels, electric windows, manual sunroof and a 'digital' instrument panel, which used bar-graphs in place of dial gauges for fuel level, coolant temperature, boost pressure, etc., and a numerical display of speed that, in the UK market, could be switched between mph and kph at the press of a button. Such units were rare.

An option on later first series Turbo i.e. models was called 'Anti-Skid' – a simple form of ABS that only operated on the front wheels and only once per ignition cycle meaning that if it was triggered during a journey it would not do so a second time until the ignition had been turned off and on again. Whilst it was an admirable attempt on Fiat's part at improving driver safety and reducing accidents, the 'Anti-Skid' system was largely regarded as ineffective and unreliable.^{[by whom?]}

Diesel and Selecta Models In mid-1983 the 1.3-litre diesel which had already been seen in the Fiorino and the 147 was installed in the Uno as well, originally only for the Italian market. The Brazilian-built engine was derived from 124-series engines, and was never sold in the United Kingdom. It was added to other European markets beginning in early 1984. Daily production in mid-1983 was 280 cars, out of a daily total of 2000. It was sold as the Uno D (three doors) or the Uno DS ("Super", five doors). This badging was the only external giveaway, while in the interior an oil pressure gauge was added. It also received extra sound insulation under the hood and along the firewall. The engine has 45 PS (33 kW), as did the smallest 903 cc petrol unit, but with considerably higher torque. The weight penalty was negligible, 121 kg (267 lb) rather than 79 kg (174 lb) for the 903. Additional accessories and sound deadening measures accounted for the remainder of the 100 kg (220 lb) weight difference, almost all of it over the front wheels.

In 1987, a 1.7 litre diesel engined 60DS version was launched together with the Uno Selecta continuously variable transmission (CVT) automatic. The CVT transmission was a co-development with Dutch Van Doorne and Ford, (Fiat owned 24% stake of Van Doorne at that time).

Uno CS

The Uno was also produced in Brazil, called Uno CS, and imported in some European countries. But it was a totally different car: it was riding on a Fiat 147-derived platform, with 4-wheel MacPherson suspension (with transverse leaf spring at the rear). Visual differences from the European Uno were the fuel cap, placed on the left, and the hood, with a different design and hinged at the front. It had also his own engines, part of the "Brazil" engine series.

Engines (first and second series)

Petrol

Engine	Layout	Displacement	Valves	Power	Torque	Production
0.9 39	I4	899 cc	8 OHV	39 PS (29 kW) @ 5500 rpm	65 N·m (48 lb·ft) @ 3000 rpm	1999–2002
1.0 45 Formula	I4	903 cc	8 OHV	45 PS (33 kW) @ 5600 rpm	67 N·m (49 lb·ft) @ 3000 rpm	1983–1993
1.1 55	I4	1116 cc	8 SOHC	55 PS (40 kW) @ 5600 rpm	86 N·m (63 lb·ft) @ 2900 rpm	1983–1985
1.3 70 S/SX	I4	1301 cc	8 SOHC	68 PS (50 kW) @ 5700 rpm	100 N·m (74 lb·ft) @ 2900 rpm	1983–1985
1.1 60 S/Family	I4	1116 cc	8 SOHC	58 PS (43 kW) @ 5700 rpm	87 N·m (64 lb·ft) @ 3000 rpm	1985–1992
1.0 45 Fire	I4	999 cc	8 SOHC	45 PS (33 kW) @ 5000 rpm	80 N·m (59 lb·ft) @ 2750 rpm	1985–1992
1.1 60 SX	I4	1108 cc	8 SOHC	57 PS (42 kW) @ 5500 rpm	89 N·m (66 lb·ft) @ 3000 rpm	1989–1993
1.3 Turbo i.e.	I4	1299/1301 cc	8 SOHC	106 PS (78 kW) @5750 rpm	146 N·m (108 lb·ft) @ 3200 rpm	1985–1990
1.3 70 SX/SL	I4	1301 cc	8 SOHC	65 PS (48 kW) @ 5600 rpm	100 N·m (74 lb·ft) @ 3000 rpm	1985–1992
1.0 45 i.e./i.e. Start	I4	999 cc	8 SOHC	45 PS (33 kW) @ 5250 rpm	74 N·m (55 lb·ft) @ 3250 rpm	1992–1995
1.4 70 SX i.e.	I4	1372 cc	8 SOHC	70 PS (51 kW) @ 6000 rpm	106 N·m (78 lb·ft) @ 3000 rpm	1990–1993
1.5 75 S i.e. CAT	I4	1498 cc	8 SOHC	75 PS (55 kW) @ 5600 rpm	113 N·m (83 lb·ft) @ 3000 rpm	1987–1993
1.1 50 i.e.	I4	1108 cc	8 SOHC	50 PS (37 kW) @ 5250 rpm	84 N·m (62 lb·ft) @ 3000 rpm	1991–1994
1.4 Turbo i.e.	I4	1372 cc	8 SOHC	118 PS (87 kW) @ 6000 rpm	161 N·m (119 lb·ft) @ 3500 rpm	1990–1998

Diesel

Engine	Layout	Displacement	Valves	Power	Torque	Production
1.3D	I4	1301 cc	8 SOHC	45 PS (33 kW) at 4,200 rpm	112 N·m (83 lb·ft) at 2,000 rpm	1983–1989
1.4 TD	I4	1367 cc	8 SOHC	72 PS (53 kW) at 4,800 rpm	128 N·m (94 lb·ft) at 2,500 rpm	1986–1995
1.7 60D	I4	1697 cc	8 SOHC	58 PS (43 kW) at 4,600 rpm	100 N·m (74 lb·ft) at 2,900 rpm	1986–1995