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Geely (officially Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co., Ltd) is a Chinese multinational automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Hangzhou, Zhejiang.

Its principal products are automobiles, taxis, motorcycles, engines, and transmissions. It sells passenger cars under the Geely and Volvo brands and taxis under the London Taxi brand.

Geely has owned the Swedish passenger car maker Volvo Cars since 2010, when it acquired the company from Ford. It has owned the British taxi maker The London Taxi Company since 2012.

Geely Automobile Holdings Ltd (Chinese: 吉利汽车; pinyin: Jílì Qìchē) (SEHK: 0175), a subsidiary of Geely, is listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.

Type	Holding company
Industry	Automotive
Founded	Taizhou, Zhejiang, China (1986)
Founder	Li Shufu
Headquarters	1760 Jiangling Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Area served	Worldwide
Key people	Li Shufu (Chairman) Yang Jian (President)
Products	Automobiles, motorcycles,engines, transmissions
Website	geely.com

Name

Geely (Chinese: 吉利; pinyin: Jílì) means "auspicious" or "lucky" in Mandarin Chinese.

History

Founding Geely in 1986 as a refrigerator maker with money borrowed from family, Li Shufu transformed the company into a success selling inexpensive products to Chinese consumers. A pioneer private Chinese automaker, in 2003 it remained the only domestic car manufacturer to lack ties to the Chinese state, although another indigenous, politically independent automaker, BYD Auto, was rising around this time. (Great Wall Motors may be considered another firm less burdened with ties to the state.)

After the purchase of a failing, state-run firm, Geely manufactured motorcycles in the mid-1990s. Small van production began in 1998,and a year later, it received state approval to manufacture automobiles. Car production began in 2002. The company had its IPO on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange in 2004.

The company had a booth at the 2005 Frankfurt Motor Show, and a 2006 showing at the Detroit auto show. Export to the EU and United States was postponed, but the company has recently started EU sales.

Geely approached Ford in mid-2008 about a possible takeover of Volvo Cars. On October 28, 2009, it was named as the preferred buyer of Volvo by the American automaker. A deal was reached in late March and completed in early August, 2010.

In 2010, total sales of over 415,000 units gave the company a near 2% market share. Sales were lower than a reported 680,000 units per year production capacity.

In December 2011, it was announced that Geely would begin selling Chinese-designed and -manufactured cars in the United Kingdom at the end of 2012, with the first model to go on sale being the Emgrand EC7. The company has also stated its intention to begin sales in Italy.

Operations

Production facilities

Headquartered in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Geely has production bases in Lanzhou, Gansu (completed in 2006, Geely construction in the region continued as of August 2010 either for expanding the existing facility or for a new semi-complete knock-down factory); Xiangtan,Hunan; an unnamed location 40 minutes south of Shanghai; Jinan, Shandong province; and at Linhai, Luqiao, and Ningbo, inZhejiang.

As of 2011, two Volvo manufacturing plants were planned in Daqing and Chengdu, and work on a transmissions-making factory in Tongliang,Chongqing had been initiated.

At least four overseas factories assemble Geely models probably from semi-complete or complete knock-down kits. Such facilities are or have been located in Indonesia, (some of its production has been imported back to China), Sri Lanka (in collaboration withMicro Cars), Malaysia, Russia, (assembly is controlled by local firm Derways), and Ukraine. These locations are not necessarily affiliated with or owned by Geely.

Manganese Bronze

Establishing a joint venture with this British maker of London Black Cabs in 2007, Geely purchased Manganese Bronze Holdings, now trading as The London Taxi Company, in 2013.

The joint venture, Shanghai LTI Automobile Components Co Ltd, made the TX4, a licensed London Black Cab, in Fengjing, Shanghai, and exported semi-complete knock-down kitsfor assembly in the UK.

Drivetrain Systems International

In 2009, Geely bought Drivetrain Systems International Pty Ltd, a global transmission developer headquartered in Australia.

Products

Passenger cars

Geely sells passenger cars under two marques: Geely and, through its Swedish Volvo Cars subsidiary, Volvo. Some Geely passenger cars include engine technology from Robert Bosch GmbH and seat belts from Autoliv.

Many of Geely's early products were based on the Xiali TJ7300, a variant of the 1987 Daihatsu Charade. Models such as the Haoqing (豪情) (five-door), Merrie (美日) (five-door), Uliou (优利欧) (four-door), and Urban Nanny (van and pick-up truck) have Charade bases, but feature a more prominent chromed grille.

A sense of humor imbues the names of some Geely vehicles. One sedan is called the "King Kong", and an early model was named You Li Ou, a play on words that means "better than the Tianjin Xiali or the Buick Sail", two of its competitors.

Geely marque products

Geely marque products include:

• Xiali TJ7300-based
  • 1998-2005 – HQ/Haoqing/Haoqing SRV (豪情/豪情SRV) – 1.0 L & 1.3 L & 1.5 L hatchback
  • 2003-2009 – MR/Merrie (美日) – hatchback
  • 2003-2005 – MR/Uliou/MS (优利欧)
  • 2001-2007 – PU/Rural Nanny/Urban Nanny
  • 2003-2006 – BL/Beauty Leopard/BO (美人豹) – 1.5 L coupe
• Daewoo-designed
  • 2005 – CK/Freedom Cruiser – 1.3 L & 1.5 L & 1.6 L sedan
  • 2005 – Geely 美日之星 – 1.1 L & 1.3 L hatchback
• 2006 – MK/LG/KingKong (金刚) – 1.5 L & 1.6 L sedan (also called Micro Sedan in Sri Lanka)
• 2006 – FC/Vision (远景) – 1.8 L CVVT & 1.5 L CVVT sedan
• 2008 – Geely China Dragon (中国龙) – 1.8L CVVT coupe

Discontinued brands

Geely has sold cars under at least three separate brands and may have continued to use the brand name of a purchased company for a short time. The Emgrand, Englon, and Gleagle names were phased out in 2014 alongside efforts to reduce sprawl, and the Shanghai Maple brand name was discontinued in 2010.

Emgrand

Emgrand (Chinese: 帝豪; pinyin: Dìháo) was launched in 2009 as a medium to high-end luxury brand.

Products sold under the Emgrand brand included:

• 2009 – 2014 Emgrand EC7 – 1.8 L CVVT sedan/hatchback
• 2010 – 2014 Emgrand EC8 2.0L, 2.4L sedan
• 2010 – 2014 Emgrand EC7-RV 1.5L, 1.8L hatchback
• 2011 – 2014 Emgrand EX7 SUV

Englon

Launched in 2010 and replacing the Shanghai Maple brand, the company claimed Englon (Chinese: 英伦; pinyin: yīng lún) emulated classic, British style, and its model line included a TX4 sold on the Chinese market. Some of its cars were built by Geely subsidiary Shanghai LTI. As Geely fully acquired The London Taxi Company in 2013, the emblem of Englon also became the new logo of The London Taxi Company.

Gleagle

Gleagle (Chinese: 全球鹰; pinyin: Quánqiú Yīng) is touted as an entry-level brand.

Some Gleagle cars, such as the Gleagle Panda, were available for sale on the Internet in China via the Taobao Mall, a popular e-commercesite. While Geely would deliver the car to the customer's address, buying one of the Panda models on offer did necessitate a trip to a traditional dealer.

Products sold under the Gleagle brand included:

Gleagle products include:

• 2008 — Gleagle Panda (熊猫) – 1.3L & 1.0 L CVVT hatchback, also known as the Geely LC
• 2010 – Gleagle GX2 (Panda Cross) – 1.3/1.5 L
• 2011 – Gleagle CK – 1.0/1.5 L, a rebadging of the Geely CK
• 2012 – Gleagle GC7 – 1.8 L four-door sedan

Shanghai Maple

This brand name was affiliated with Shanghai Maple Automobile, a Geely subsidiary established in 1999. It was replaced by the Englon brand in 2010.

Products sold under the Shanghai Maple brand included:

• 2003–2005 — Maple Huapu (华普) M203 – 1.5 L 5-door hatchback
• 2003–2010 – Maple Hisoon (海迅) AA & AB – 5-door hatchback
• 2004–2010 – Maple Marindo (海域) M303 – 1.5 L & 1.8 L sedan
• 2005–2010 – Maple Hysoul (海尚) M305 – 5-door hatchback
• 2006–2010 – Maple Hysoul (海尚) M206/Haixuan (海炫) – car aimed specially at female consumers

Motorcycles

Geely manufactures a number of motor scooters and motorcycles from 50 to 250 cc displacement.

The following is a List of Geely motorcycles and scooters.

Scooters

• JL50QT — 49.5 cc 4-stroke air-cooled single
• JL70 — 71.8 cc 4-stroke air-cooled single
• JL100-5 and -6 — 98.2 cc 2-stroke air-cooled single, step-through
• JL100T — 98.2 cc 2-stroke air-cooled single
• JL110
• JL125T — 124 cc 4-stroke air-cooled single
• JL150T
• JL250T — 244.2 cc 4-stroke single

Motorcycles

• JL100 — 98.2 cc 2-stroke air-cooled single
• JL125 — 124 cc 4-stroke air-cooled single
• JL150 — 4-stroke air-cooled single
• JL250 — 250 cc air-cooled 4-stroke parallel twin

Dealer network

Geely refers to its dealer network as 4S stores and also sells some models online. In 2014, it had a reported 900 retail outlets.

Sales

In addition to China, Geely vehicles are sold in Australia, Bahrain, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Egypt, Indonesia,Iran, Kuwait, Nepal, New Zealand, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa,Syria, Taiwan, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, and Venezuela. In a number of markets, Geely vehicles are assembled in local factories from complete knock-down kits.

Cuba's government has purchased a considerable number of Geely vehicles, and they are pressed into service as police patrol cars or tourist taxis throughout Havana.

In 2010, Geely surpassed its projected 400,000-vehicle sales target for the year selling 415,286 units of its 680,000 units/year production capacity prompting the company to set its 2011 sales target at 480,000, a 16% increase. That year, 15,596,100 units (7,793,600 passenger vehicles) were sold in China, giving Geely a 2.66% market share. Geely has announced its ambitions to double its market share in China to 5.8% by 2015.

Safety record

A small Geely sedan, the CK, performed badly in an informal crash test conducted by a Russian magazine in 2007. As a result, Geely reviewed its global export plans. A 2009 1.3-liter Geely CK 1 model without airbags earned a zero-star rating in a Latin-NCAP crash test on protecting adult occupants in front seats.

In 2010, the Geely LC scored 45.3 points of a possible 51 in the China-NCAP crash tests, making it China's first locally researched and developed mini car to be awarded a 5-star rating, and the safest Chinese hatchback as of 2011.

In 2011, the Geely Emgrand EC7 earned a 4-star rating in a Euro-NCAP crash test.

Controversies

The Geely GE has received criticism for looking like a Rolls-Royce and the LC, a Citroën C1 or a Toyota Aygo.

An unsuccessful lawsuit was brought against the company in the early 2000s by Toyota, which claimed Geely had "implied in ads that some of the parts were made by Toyota". Geely may also have previously used a logo that resembled that of Toyota.